WHAT ARE THE VIRUSES?
According to the Center of Disease Control and Prevention website, canine influenza (dog flu) is a contagious respiratory disease in dogs caused by specific Type A influenza viruses known to infect dogs. There are two different types of viruses: H3N8 and H3N2.
ARE THEY CONTAGIOUS TO HUMANS?
There is no evidence that these viruses have ever transmitted from dogs to humans. But influenza viruses constantly change that’s why CDC officials are monitoring both H3N8 and H3N2.
WHERE DO THEY COME FROM?
H3N8 originated in horses, it has been known to exist in them for more than 40 years. In 2004, it reportedly jumped species and was first found in dogs (initially greyhounds) and spread among dogs.
H3N2 is a bird flu virus which adapted to infect dogs. It is different from human seasonal H3N2 viruses. It came from South Korea in 2007, according to CDC. It has reportedly infected some cats as well. It is not clear how it has been introduced to the US.
WHAT ARE THE SIGNS?
The signs can include coughing, runny nose, and fever, but not all dogs will show signs of illness. The severity of illness can range from no signs to severe illness resulting in pneumonia and sometimes death.
HOW DO THE VIRUSES SPREAD?
The viruses tend to spread in kennels and shelters. They can spread through coughing and sneezing or indirectly, by the uninfected dogs coming into contact with contaminated objects.
HOW IS THE FLU TREATED?
The treatment mostly consists of supportive care, it helps dogs mount an immune response. In the milder form of the disease, this care may include medication to make your dog more comfortable and fluids to ensure that your dog stays hydrated. Broad spectrum antibiotics may be prescribed by your veterinarian if a secondary bacterial infection is suspected, according to CDC.
IS THERE A VACCINE?
Yes, for H3N8. It is unclear if it will protect from H3N2.
